Campaign
Status:
complete
Targets: 439,939
Completed: 439,939
Failed: 0
Progress: 100.00%
Country topology
Iraq (IQ)
Latest topology render from the Hop Atlas measurement archive.
Completed IPs
439,939
Traceroutes
439,939
Nodes
4,076
Edges
7,195
Core nodes
2,685
Transit nodes
1,391
Measurement
First trace:
19 Oct 2026 16:42 UTC
Last trace:
21 Oct 2026 01:26 UTC
Collectors used:
4
Successful destination reaches:
20,891
Render
Last map:
21 Oct 2026 01:30 UTC
Render type:
final
Campaign completed:
21 Oct 2026 01:30 UTC
Render runtime:
70.73549051900045 s
Reading this map
The nodes represent IP addresses observed as hops during traceroute measurements. Edges represent observed adjacency between consecutive responding hops. Larger or more highly connected structures often indicate recurring routing or transit points.
The distinction between core and transit nodes describes their relationship to the campaign's country-associated address space. It should not be interpreted as a precise statement of physical geography.
Understanding this observation
Interpreting the Iraq map
This image shows network addresses and routing relationships observed while measuring destinations associated with Iraq (IQ).
The latest render contains approximately 4,076 graph nodes and 7,195 graph edges. These are measurements of visible network topology, not counts of physical routers or cables.
The campaign currently reports 100.00% progress. Maps from incomplete campaigns may change substantially as more destinations are measured.
The latest recorded render was generated on 21 Oct 2026 01:30 UTC.
How to interpret the structure
Long chains indicate sequences of observed routing addresses. Large fans can appear where many measured paths share common intermediate hops.
Dense clusters and diamond-shaped structures may indicate alternative routes, but they can also result from load balancing and traceroute measurement artefacts.
Disconnected fragments do not necessarily mean that networks are physically disconnected. Routers which do not respond to traceroute can create gaps in an otherwise continuous path.
What this map cannot tell us
The map does not establish the physical location of routers, prove ownership of infrastructure, or show every possible route through the network.
Addresses observed along routes towards Iraq may belong to networks registered in other countries or territories.
The relationships shown reflect measurements made from particular observation points. Different probes or collection times may produce different results.