Campaign
Status:
active
Total scan space: 6,692,896
Targets generated: 2,491,923
Completed: 2,265,914
Failed: 0
Overall scan-space coverage: 33.86%
Generated-target completion: 90.93%
Country topology
Portugal (PT)
Latest topology render from the Hop Atlas measurement archive.
Completed IPs
2,265,914
Traceroutes
2,265,914
Nodes
37,620
Edges
43,708
Core nodes
36,080
Transit nodes
1,540
Measurement
First trace:
27 Oct 2026 20:52 UTC
Last trace:
29 Oct 2026 23:57 UTC
Collectors used:
15
Successful destination reaches:
79,439
Render
Last map:
29 Oct 2026 23:12 UTC
Render type:
milestone
Campaign completed:
—
Render runtime:
421.64083823992405 s
Reading this map
The nodes represent IP addresses observed as hops during traceroute measurements. Edges represent observed adjacency between consecutive responding hops. Larger or more highly connected structures often indicate recurring routing or transit points.
The distinction between core and transit nodes describes their relationship to the campaign's country-associated address space. It should not be interpreted as a precise statement of physical geography.
Understanding this observation
Interpreting the Portugal map
This image shows network addresses and routing relationships observed while measuring destinations associated with Portugal (PT).
The latest render contains approximately 37,620 graph nodes and 43,708 graph edges. These are measurements of visible network topology, not counts of physical routers or cables.
The campaign currently reports 33.86% progress. Maps from incomplete campaigns may change substantially as more destinations are measured.
The latest recorded render was generated on 29 Oct 2026 23:12 UTC.
How to interpret the structure
Long chains indicate sequences of observed routing addresses. Large fans can appear where many measured paths share common intermediate hops.
Dense clusters and diamond-shaped structures may indicate alternative routes, but they can also result from load balancing and traceroute measurement artefacts.
Disconnected fragments do not necessarily mean that networks are physically disconnected. Routers which do not respond to traceroute can create gaps in an otherwise continuous path.
What this map cannot tell us
The map does not establish the physical location of routers, prove ownership of infrastructure, or show every possible route through the network.
Addresses observed along routes towards Portugal may belong to networks registered in other countries or territories.
The relationships shown reflect measurements made from particular observation points. Different probes or collection times may produce different results.